Paradigm of Education
Recognized or not, who runs the education system in Indonesia today is a secular educational system-materialistic. This can be seen among others at the National Education Law No. 20 of 2003 Chapter VI of the line, grade and type of the unity of education (general) article 15 which reads: This type of education includes general education, vocational, academic, professional, advocacy, as religious, and special. From this article it is clear dichotomy of education, namely religious education and general education. Dichotomous education system has failed to prove such a devout man who gave birth to the Islamic personality and able to answer the challenges of development through the mastery of science and technology.
Institutionally, the secularization of education looks at religious education through madrasahs, religious institutes, and boarding schools run by the Ministry of Religious Affairs, while public education through elementary schools, secondary schools, vocational and general colleges administered by the Ministry of National Education. There is a very strong impression that the development of life sciences (science) conducted by the Ministry of Education and is seen as not related to religion. Character formation of students who are the most important part of the education process even less seriously explored. Religion is placed merely as one aspect of his role is very minimal, not the cornerstone of all aspects.
This also appears in Chapter X Article 37 of the National Education Law of the provision of basic and secondary education curriculum which requires that the field contains 10 subjects with religious education is not proportionate and is not used as a basis for other subject areas. It definitely will not be able to realize their students are consistent with the objectives of national education itself, which create an atmosphere of learning and the learning process so that learners are actively developing the potential for him to have the spiritual power of religion, self-control, personality, intelligence, noble character, and skills it takes him, society, nation and state. Chaotic curriculum of course originated from the secular principle, which then affect the preparation of curriculum structure which does not provide proper space for process control tsaqâfah Islam and the establishment of the Islamic personality.
-Materialistic secular education is indeed able to give birth who mastered science and technology through public education that followed. However, such education has failed to form personality and mastery learners tsaqâfah Islam. How many general education graduates who still 'blind faith' and fragile personality? Conversely, those who study in religious education environment is controlled tsaqâfah Islam and are relatively well explored side of his personality. However, on the other hand, he is blind to the progress of science and technology. Finally, the modern sector (manufacturing, trade, and services) are filled by people who are relatively common in religion because the people who understand religion collected in his own world (madrasah, lecturer / teacher of religion, Religious Affairs), unable to plunge in the modern sector.
The education system-sekularistik material is actually just a mere part of community life and nation-state system that is also secular. In the secular system, rules, views, and values of Islam are never intentionally used to organize various fields, including education. Therefore, in the midst of this sekularistik systems various forms of order that was born far away from religious values.
Expensive Education Costs
Text Box: Parent Resources Types of Charges - Cost-Registration Form Uniform Building Cost-Cost-Cost-Cost OSIS extracurricular Great Day Annual-Fee-Annual Examination Fee Computer-Cost-Cost of School Health-Cost Tactical religious-School-Care Funds School-Book-Purchase Materials Deepening Cost-Library-School Committee Operational Costs The types of levies charged to parents who are usually done at school (Kompas, 23 / 1 / 2004). Quality education is expensive. This phrase that often appears to justify the high costs society to get an education bench. The high costs of education from Kindergarten (TK) to Higher Education (PT) makes the poor have no choice but to not go to school.
To enter Kindergarten and Elementary School are currently required cost of Rp 500,000, - to Rp 1.000.000, - Even there is a levy on top of $ 1 million. Sign in junior / senior high school could reach $ 1 million up to Rp 5 million. The more expensive cost of education today is not separated from government policy to implement SBM (School-Based Management). MBS in Indonesia in reality is sensed as an effort to mobilize funds. Therefore, the School Committee / Board of Education which is the organ of MBS always required the element of entrepreneurs. The assumption was that employers have access to wider capital. The result, after the School Committee was formed, all levy money is always under the guise, "according to the School Committee's decision." However, at the level of implementation, it is not transparent, because the elected officials and School Committee members are the people close to the Principal. As a result, the School Committee legitimator only become principal policies, and SBM was just a disclaimer legitimacy of the state to the problems of education of its people.
This condition will be worse with the Bill on Legal Education (RUU BHP). Changing the status of education of the public property to a form of legal entity has clear economic and political consequences is very large. With the change in status, the government can easily throw its responsibilities for the education of its citizens to the owners of legal entities that figure is unclear. The emergence BHMN and MBS are some examples of the controversial education policy. BHMN own impact on the soaring cost of education at several universities favorites.
Privatization or the weakening of the state's role in public service sector can not escape from the pressures of debt and debt policies to ensure payment. Indonesia's foreign debt amounted to 35-40 percent of the state budget each year is a factor driving the privatization of education. As a result, sectors that absorb large funds such as education became a victim. Education funding cut to just 8 percent (Kompas, 10/5/2005).
From State Budget 2005 was only 5.82% is allocated to education. Compare with funds to pay the debt that drained 25% of expenditure in the Budget (www.kau.or.id).
Government Plan legitimized privatize education through a number of regulations, such as the Law on National Education System, Legal Education Bill, the Draft Regulation (RPP) of the Elementary and Secondary Education, and the decree on compulsory education. Strengthening the privatization of education, for example, seen in Article 53 (1) Law No. 20/2003 on National Education System (Education System). In the article it is mentioned, the organizers and / or formal education unit which was established by the Government or incorporated community education. Just as businesses, schools freed seeking capital to be invested in educational operations.
NGO Coordinator Education Network for Justice (ENJ), Jackie Mukhtar (Republika, 05.10.2005) believe that with the privatization of education means the government has legitimized the commercialization of education by handing over responsibility for providing education to the market. That way, schools will have the autonomy to decide for themselves the cost of providing education. Schools, of course, would set a maximum cost to improve and maintain quality. As a result, access to people who are less able to enjoy a quality education will be constrained and increasingly fragmented society based on social status, between rich and poor.
Similar economic observers Revrisond Bawsir spoken. He said the privatization of education is on the agenda of global capitalism which has been designed long ago by donor countries through the World Bank. Through the draft Law Legal Education (RUU BHP), the Government plans to privatize education. All education units will become legal education (BHP) which is required to seek the source of its own funds. This applies to all public schools, from elementary to college.
For certain people, some educators are now changed its status to a state-owned legal entities (BHMN) is a scourge. If the reason is that quality education must be expensive, then the argument is valid only in Indonesia. In Germany, France, Holland, and in several other developing countries, many college-quality but low-cost education. Even some countries there is eliminate tuition fees.
Quality education is not likely cheap, but the question is who should pay for it. The government-to guarantee the obligations of each citizen to receive education and ensure public access down to get a quality education. However, the fact that the Government would wish to argue from responsibility. Though limited funds can not be used as an excuse for the Government to 'wash your hands'.
Generated Low quality of human resources
As a result of the materialistic paradigm of national education-sekularistik, the quality of protégé personality in Indonesia has become alarming. The rise brawl among teenagers in various cities plus the number of perliku those who have been classified as criminal, meningkatanya drug abuse, and promiscuity is proof that education does not succeed in forming students who have the Islamic personality.
In terms of expertise are very much when compared with other countries. Together with a number of ASEAN countries, except Singapore and Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia is categorized country's Human Development Index (HDI) was at the medium level. If seen from the indicators of education index, Indonesia was on Myanmar, Cambodia, and Laos, or is on rank 6 ASEAN countries. Even the Vietnam-education index that is lower per capita income of Indonesia-is better.
When compared with India, a country with a myriad of issues (poverty, malnutrition, low education), was very much the quality of Indonesian human resources. India can produce quality human resources is astounding. Armed with his mastery of the technology, particularly information technology, a country with a population of more than 1 billion it had targeted a developed country and one of five world powers in 2020. This dream is not grandiose if we look at the power of education. Although the country is still grappling with the issue of literacy and basic education equity, India has a row of college who really became the center of excellence with international reputation. Driven by the existence of pre-eminent centers, now the Indian government to fix the more serious grassroots education.
Indian achievements in technology and education is remarkable. If Indonesia still overshadowed expulsion and rape uneducated workers who were sent abroad, many Indians have a prestigious position in the international job market. Even in the U.S., professionals from India gives its own color for the country's superpower. About 30 percent of doctors in the U.S. is a citizen of Indian descent. No less than 250 citizens of India to fill 10 of the top business schools in the U.S.. About 40 percent of workers came from India microsoft. (Kompas, 4/9/2004).
Based on the ranking of best universities in Asia Asiaweek magazine, 2000, none of the universities in Indonesia included in the Top 20. UI is ranked 61 for a multidisciplinary university category. UGM ranked 68, UNDIP rated 77, UNAIR rated 75; while ITB rated 21 for university science and technology, less than the National University of Science and Technology of Pakistan.
Although primary school enrollment rates in Indonesia in the next 20 years rose from 40 to 100 percent, the quality is hard to be proud. Now tens of thousands of elementary school children should learn in dilapidated school. Ironically, so far unanswered, of how the government handles a very visible issue that, while there are many elementary school-aged children who drop out or even not reached at all by the ministry of education. 9-year compulsory education was difficult to quantitatively can be completed in 2008.
